55
is stated as “Lead and its compounds shall not be placed on the
market or used in articles or individual parts of articles, which
are supplied to the general public and can be placed in the
mouth by children, if the concentration of lead (expressed as
metal) is equal or greater than 0.05% by weight“ (ECHA 2013a).
“Shot and ammunition” were identified as a ”world end use of
lead”, identifying end consumer products (SCA 2012). During
the first public consultation arguments were submitted by an
anonymous, ‘international, non-governmental organisation’
from Belgium ‘as to why ammunition should be out of the
scope from the proposed Restriction’ and confirmation was
received “that ammunition will formally be excluded from
the final text of the proposed restriction” (ECHA 2014a).
The Association of European Manufacturers of Sporting
Ammunition (AFEMS) refers to this process on their website 4
and states to be “involved with other European Associations in
providing the necessary information and support concerning
the use of metallic lead in ammunition.” In the European
Chemicals Agency (ECHA) Committee for Risk Assessment
(RAC) “Opinion on the Swedish Proposal“, it is “assumed that
ammunition is kept out of reach for children due to member
states implementation of existing EU legislation related to
4
the safe-keeping of such articles. Normal and reasonably
foreseeable conditions of use would not occur as the other
hazards of ammunition would necessitate such articles being
securely stored away from children” (ECHA 2013b). The ECHA
Committee of Socio-economic Analysis (SEAC) follows this
assumption in their opinion (ECHA 2013c).
Later documentation (compiled opinion by RAC and SEAC)
(ECHA 2014b), the final background document to RAC and
SEAC Opinions on “lead and its compounds in articles” repeat
this opinion and fail to introduce differing views (ECHA 2014c).
Alternate views to the RAC (Mullooly 2013) and SEAC (Knoflach
2014) opinions have been documented, touching on, only
amongst other things, the topics of cultural, traditional and/
or religious handcraft figurines and similar objects (objets
d’art), writing instruments, keys, locks and musical instruments.
However, theuseof leadammunition in sourcing food for human
consumption has not been considered to date. The process
does not therefore address the introduction of lead into food for
human consumption from ammunition used in the production
of game meat. Whether or how this will be addressed in time by
this particular process remains to be seen.
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Lead in game meat: research and legislation in Germany and the EU