50
FORSELL K, GYLLENHAMMAR I, NILSSON JS, LUNDBERG-HALLÉN
N, LUNDH T, KOTOVA N, BERGDAHL I, JÄRVHOLM B, DARNERUD PO
(2014).
Bly i viltkött Del 2 - halter av bly i blod hos jägarfamiljer (in Swedish).
Livsmedelsverkets Rapport 18. Available at:
http://www.livsmedelsverket.se .Accessed: August 2015.
IQBAL S, BLUMENTHAL W, KENNEDY C, YIP FY, PICKARD S, FLANDERSWD,
LORINGER K, KRUGER K, CALDWELL KL, BROWN MJ (2009).
Hunting with
lead: association between blood lead levels and wild game consumption.
Environmental Research
109(8), 952-959.
JECFA (2011).
Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants
prepared by the seventy-third meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert
Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). WHO Technical Report Series 960,
2011. ISBN 978 92 4 120960.
JOHANSEN P, PEDERSEN HS, ASMUND G, RIGET F (2006).
Lead shot
from hunting as a source of lead in human blood.
Environmental Pollution
142(1), 93-97.
LINDBOE M, HENRICHSEN E, HØGÅSEN H, BERNHOFT A (2012).
Lead
concentration in meat from lead-killed moose and predicted human
exposure using Monte Carlo simulation.
Food Additives & Contaminants: Part
A
29(7), 1052-1057.
Helle K. Knutsen, Anne-Lise Brantsæter, Jan Alexander & Helle M. Meltzer
MELTZER H, DAHL H, BRANTSÆTER A, BIRGISDOTTIR B, KNUTSEN H,
BERNHOFT A, OFTEDAL B, LANDE U, ALEXANDER J, HAUGEN M (2013).
Consumption of lead-shot cervid meat and blood lead concentrations in a
group of adult Norwegians.
Environmental Research
127, 29-39.
PAIN DJ, CROMIE RL, NEWTH J, BROWN MJ, CRUTCHER E, HARDMAN
P, HURST L, MATEO R, MEHARG AA, MORAN AC (2010).
Potential hazard
to human health from exposure to fragments of lead bullets and shot in
the tissues of game animals.
PLoS ONE
5
(4), e10315. DOI:10.1371/journal.
pone.0010315.
SNFA (2014).
Lead in game meat. Swedish National Food Agency report
18. English summaries of the chapters. Available at:
http://basc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/NFA-report-English-summary-2.pdf
.
Accessed: September 2015.
VKM (2013).
Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants of the Norwegian
Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM). Risk assessment of lead exposure
from cervid meat in Norwegian consumers and in hunting dogs. Available at:
http://www.vkm.no/dav/cbfe3b0544.pdf .Accessed: July 2015.
X-ray of a roe deer
Capreolus capreolus
shot with a conventional lead-based (semi-jacketed) bullet: note the extent of
fragmentation of the lead projectile and distance from the wound canal to which the consumer is then exposed.
Photo Credit: Oliver Krone/Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin